[70] Some projects planned for that time, including Roman Catholic and Anglican cathedrals, were never completed. [207] Between 1996 and 2001, 61.9% of the population either moved to or from Canberra, which was the second highest mobility rate of any Australian capital city. The total cost for construction was $130 million. [253] There are numerous bars and nightclubs which also offer live entertainment, particularly concentrated in the areas of Dickson, Kingston and the city. The city's accommodation was not nearly sufficient to house the 1,250 delegates and a tent city had to be set up on the banks of the Molonglo River. [135] This part of their plan never came to fruition, as World War I slowed construction and planning disputes led to Griffin's dismissal by Prime Minister Billy Hughes after the war ended.[60][61][136]. However, they were only advisory and development decisions were made without consulting them, which increased inefficiency. This includes Parliament House, the official residence of the monarch's representative the Governor-General, the High Court and numerous government departments and agencies. It will then have around 6,000 students and 2,000 staff. [25], The Anglican Church of St John the Baptist, in the suburb of Reid,[26] was consecrated in 1845 and is now the oldest surviving public building in the city.

In contrast, other capital cities in Australia have substantially less green space. Download PDF Download PDF. [298][299] An example is the Tuggeranong Parkway which links Canberra's CBD and Tuggeranong, and bypasses Weston Creek. [130] However, the outer areas of the city, built later, are not laid out geometrically. [112] Two of these creeks, the Ginninderra and Tuggeranong, have similarly been dammed to form Lakes Ginninderra and Tuggeranong. [103], Smoke haze became synonymous with the 2019/2020 Australian summer.

[313] Canberra's railway station is in the inner south suburb of Kingston. [150] In 2012, the ACT Government legislated greenhouse gas targets to reduce its emissions by 40 per cent from 1990 levels by 2020, 80 per cent by 2050, with no net emissions by 2060. [336] ACTEW Corporation owns Canberra's two wastewater treatment plants, located at Fyshwick and on the lower reaches of the Molonglo River.

[112] The Molonglo River which flows across the Molonglo plain has been dammed to form the national capital's iconic feature Lake Burley Griffin.

[322], Canberra is about three hours by road from Sydney on the Federal Highway (National Highway 23),[323] which connects with the Hume Highway (National Highway 31) near Goulburn, and seven hours by road from Melbourne on the Barton Highway (National Highway 25), which joins the Hume Highway at Yass. Rotates through Temperature, Wind, Humidity and Rain, to find your Local, and go to the Local page. [126], Canberra is a planned city and the inner-city area was originally designed by Walter Burley Griffin, a major 20th-century American architect. [24] He formally applied to purchase the site on 16 December 1826 and named the property "Canberry". The table below displays average monthly climate indicators in CANBERRA based on 8 years of historical weather readings.

[97][98], Parts of Canberra were engulfed by bushfires on 18 January 2003 that killed four people, injured 435 and destroyed more than 500 homes as well as the major research telescopes of Australian National University's Mount Stromlo Observatory. [316], Canberra Airport provides direct domestic services to Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, Gold Coast and Perth, with connections to other domestic centres. [18] Artefacts suggests early human activity occurred at some point in the area 21,000 years previously. This event coincided with a heatwave across south-eastern Australia during which the temperature in Canberra reached 108.5 degrees Fahrenheit (42.5 Celsius) on 11 January.

[275] The historic Prime Minister's XI cricket match is played at Manuka Oval annually. [310] Since then many other ride sharing and taxi services have started in ACT namely Ola, Glide Taxi[311] and GoCatch[312], An interstate NSW TrainLink railway service connects Canberra to Sydney. Choose between Pro and Essential account and get access to more! [153][154], In 1996 Canberra became the first city in the world to set a vision of no waste, proposing an ambitious target of 2010 for completion. [228], In 2016 there were 132 schools in Canberra; 87 were operated by the government and 45 were private. It is also the location of many social and cultural institutions of national significance such as the Australian War Memorial, the Australian National University, the Royal Australian Mint, the Australian Institute of Sport, the National Gallery, the National Museum and the National Library. There are also several community operated stations. It was this composite plan that was endorsed by Parliament and given formal approval by O'Malley on 10 January 1913. [230] As a result, some schools closed during the 2006–08 period, while others were merged; the creation of combined primary and secondary government schools will proceed over the next decade. [159][160][161] The ban was introduced by the ACT Government in an effort to make Canberra more sustainable.

[217][219] There are two religious university campuses in Canberra: Signadou in the northern suburb of Watson is a campus of the Australian Catholic University;[220] St Mark's Theological College in Barton is part of the secular Charles Sturt University. On Friday, 13 January, the Black Friday bushfires caused 71 deaths in Victoria and Wells accompanied the Governor-General on his tour of areas threatened by fires.

[163], Canberra's annual Floriade festival features a large display of flowers every Spring in Commonwealth Park.

[114][115][116] Until recently the Molonglo River had a history of sometimes calamitous floods; the area was a flood plain prior to the filling of Lake Burley Griffin.[117][118]. [213] Of inhabitants born outside of Australia, the most prevalent countries of birth were England, China, India, New Zealand and the Philippines. [66][67] The Prime Minister Stanley Bruce had officially taken up residence in The Lodge a few days earlier. is the capital city of Australia. [178], People who have been charged with offences are tried either in the ACT Magistrates Court or, for more severe offences, the ACT Supreme Court. A 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge construction railway was built in 1923 between the Yarralumla brickworks and the provisional Parliament House; it was later extended to Civic, but the whole line was closed in May 1927. [19], European exploration and settlement started in the Canberra area as early as the 1820s. [16] An 1830s map of the region by Major Mitchell indeed does mark the Sullivan's Creek floodplain between these two mountains as "Nganbra". [113] The Molonglo then flows into the Murrumbidgee north-west of Canberra, which in turn flows north-west toward the New South Wales town of Yass. [131], Lake Burley Griffin was deliberately designed so that the orientation of the components was related to various topographical landmarks in Canberra.
[95][96] Permanent premises were opened on London Circuit in 1994. Canberra has many venues for live music and theatre: the Canberra Theatre and Playhouse which hosts many major concerts and productions;[248] and Llewellyn Hall (within the ANU School of Music), a world-class concert hall are two of the most notable. [316] Batemans Bay, a popular holiday spot on the New South Wales coast, is also two hours away via the Kings Highway. [60][61] By this time, Griffin had revised his plan, overseen the earthworks of major avenues and established the Glenloch Cork Plantation. Canberra is less humid than the nearby coastal areas. Canberra has the lowest rate of crime of any capital city in Australia as of 2019[update].

By many accounts, it was decisive in the selection of Canberra as the site in 1908 as was a result of survey work done by the government surveyor Charles Scrivener. [44] A survey was conducted across several sites in New South Wales with Bombala, southern Monaro, Orange, Yass, Albury, Tamworth, Armidale, Tumut and Dalgety all discussed. [315] Train services to Melbourne are provided by way of a NSW TrainLink bus service which connects with a rail service between Sydney and Melbourne in Yass, about a one-hour drive from Canberra. [190], The median house price in Canberra as of February 2020 was $745,000, lower than only Sydney among capital cities of more than 100,000 people, having surpassed Melbourne and Perth since 2005. The ACT was given its first federal parliamentary representation in 1949 when it gained a seat in the House of Representatives, the Division of Australian Capital Territory. [47] O'Malley then appointed a six-member board to advise him on the implementation of the winning design. Kingston Powerhouse Historic Precinct (Entry to the ACT Heritage Register)", "Australia's largest solar farm opens in the ACT", "Mugga Lane solar farm opens, bringing ACT to 35 per cent renewable energy", "Government unveils 36,000 new solar panels at Williamsdale", "Large scale feed-in tariff law expanded to meet 90% renewables target", "Wind auction result delivers renewable energy and economic benefits to the ACT", "Hornsdale achieves new record price in ACT's second wind auction", "New wind farm set to power more than just Canberra homes", "8146.0 - Household Use of Information Technology, Australia, 2014-15", "Canberra adopts New Zealand capital as sister city", "The Australian Capital Territory, Canberra the National Capital: Fifty Years of Development", WikiSatellite view of Canberra at WikiMapia, Canberra 100 – Celebrating Canberra's 100th anniversary, National Gallery of Australia Research Library, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, Australian National University Classics Museum, Canberra International Sports & Aquatic Centre, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canberra&oldid=983379458, Populated places on the Murrumbidgee River, Australian Statistical Geography Standard 2016 ID different from Wikidata, Australian Statistical Geography Standard 2016 ID same as Wikidata, Australian Statistical Geography Standard 2011 ID same as Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Ngunawal-language text, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2016, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat identifiers, Wikipedia articles with suppressed authority control identifiers, Pages using authority control with parameters, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Source 1: Climate averages for Canberra Airport Comparison (1939–2010); averages given are for 1981–2010, Source 2: Climate averages for Canberra Airport for more recent extremes, Southern Cross Nine airs a regional edition of. [100] On 11 March 2014, the last day of the centennial year, the Canberra Centenary Column was unveiled in City Hill. [177] The AFP does so through its community policing arm ACT Policing.